Language: Difference between revisions

  <span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-size:120%;">[[wikipedia:Lingua_franca|Lingua Franca]] | Wikipedia</span>

  <mark>At present...[Spanish] is the second most used language in international trade, and the third most used in politics, diplomacy and culture after English and French</mark>.

  <span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-size:120%;">[[wikipedia:Italian_language#Lingua_franca|Italian language - Lingua franca]] | Wikipedia</span>

  <mark>Starting in late medieval times in much of Europe and the Mediterranean, Latin was replaced as the primary commercial language by Italian</mark> language variants (especially Tuscan and Venetian). These variants were consolidated during <mark>the Renaissance with the strength of Italy and the rise of humanism and the arts</mark>.

  During that period, <mark>Italy held artistic sway over the rest of Europe. It was the norm for all educated gentlemen to make the Grand Tour, visiting Italy</mark> to see its great historical monuments and works of art. It thus <mark>became expected to learn at least some Italian</mark>. <mark>In England, while the classical languages Latin and Greek were the first to be learned, Italian became the second most common modern language after French, a position it held until the late 18th century when it tended to be replaced by German</mark>. John Milton, for instance, wrote some of his early poetry in Italian.

  <span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-size:120%;">[https://www.babbel.com/en/magazine/how-and-why-did-english-supplant-french-as-the-world-s-lingua-franca How And Why Did English Supplant French As The World’s Lingua Franca?]</span>

  <mark>By the 18th century, classical French usurped Latin in international treaties, starting with the Treaty of Rasstatt (1714), which marked the end of the War of Succession in Spain. This was the beginning of French as a langue diplomatique</mark>....

  French might have been <mark>spoken in the courts of Europe all the way to Russia</mark> — it is the language of the nobility, including Catherine II, who used it in correspondence and daily communication — but <mark>English was the language of money, and money talks louder than philosophy</mark>. <mark>The Victorian City of London was the financial center of the world</mark> and most of its business was directed outwards and overseas, not domestically.

  <span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-size:120%;">[[wikipedia:Universal_language|Universal language]] | Wikipedia</span>

  The written <mark>Classical Chinese</mark> language is still read widely but pronounced differently by readers in China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan; for centuries it was a ''de facto'' universal ''literary'' language for a broad-based culture. In something of the same way <mark>Sanskrit</mark> in India and Nepal, and Pali in Sri Lanka and in Theravada countries of South-East Asia (Burma, Thailand, Cambodia) and Old Tamil in South India and Sri Lanka, were literary languages for many for whom they were not their mother tongue.

  <mark>In historical linguistics, monogenesis refers to the idea that all spoken human languages are descended from a single ancestral language spoken many thousands of years ago</mark>.

  It could be said plausibly that <mark>mathematics is the universal language of the world that all are capable of understanding</mark>.

[[Category:Language]]